This lecture examines the challenges and transformations of Free Religion during the turbulent 20th century, a period marked by war, persecution, and societal upheaval. Despite these obstacles, Free Religion demonstrated remarkable resilience, adapting its principles to meet the demands of a rapidly changing world.

Key themes include:

• The impact of World War I and the Weimar Republic on Free Religious communities, including their struggle to maintain relevance in an era of political and social instability.

• The persecution of Free Religion under the Nazi regime, as its emphasis on reason, tolerance, and individual freedom clashed with the totalitarian ideology of the Third Reich.

• The post-war renewal of Free Religion, as communities sought to rebuild and redefine their mission in a divided Germany.

• The role of Free Religion in the global liberal religious movement, including its growing involvement in the International Association for Religious Freedom (IARF) and its contributions to interfaith dialogue and human rights.

By the end of this lecture, you will understand how Free Religion survived and adapted to the challenges of the 20th century, emerging as a vibrant and relevant force in the modern world. You will also gain insights into the resilience of liberal religious movements in the face of adversity.